Indonesia
– Roads
A wide variety of vehicles are used for
transportation on Indonesia's roads. Bus services are available in most areas connected to
the road network. Between major cities, especially on Sumatra, Java, and Bali,
services are frequent and direct; many services are available with no stops
until the final destination. In more remote areas, and between smaller towns,
most services are provided with minibuses or minivans. Buses and vans
are also the primary form of transportation within cities. Often, these are
operated as share taxis, running
semi-fixed routes.
Many cities and towns have some form of
transportation for hire available as well such as taxis. There are
usually also bus services of various kinds such as the Kopaja buses and the more sophisticated Transjakarta bus rapid transit system in Jakarta.
Many cities also have motorised autorickshaws (bajaj)
of various kinds. Cycle rickshaws in Indonesia, are
a regular sight on city roads and provide inexpensive transportation. They have
been blamed for causing traffic congestion and, consequently,
banned from most parts of central Jakarta. Horse-drawn carts are found in some cities and towns.
Due to the increasing purchasing power of
Indonesians, private cars are becoming more common especially in major
cities. However the growth of the number of cars increasingly outpaces the
construction of new roads, resulting in frequently crippling traffic jams in
large parts in major cities especially in Jakarta, which often also happen on
highways. Jakarta also has one of the worst traffic jams in the world.
The AH2 highway is one of
Indonesia's main highways. The other one is AH25 in Sumatra.
Indonesia has about 496,607 km total roadways
out of which paved are of about 283,102 km and about 213,505 km of
unpaved.
Indonesia has some highways, some of them are
National Routes (25, currently only in Java and (partially) Sumatera), and some
of them are freeways. All the freeways
are tolled (toll road). The most
expensive is the Cipularang Toll road that connects Jakarta and Bandung via Cikampek and Purwakarta.
Indonesia has also been gradually introducing an Intelligent
Transportation System (ITS) since 2012. ITS Indonesia was formed on 26
April 2011.
There is a plan to develop 1,000 km of Expressways
and 2,650 km of new roads by the end of 2019.
List
of Toll Roads in Indonesia